Blood Tests » Electrolytes

Electrolytes

Electrolytes like sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium control nerve signaling, muscle contraction, heart rhythm, and fluid balance. Even minor imbalances can cause fatigue, cramps, confusion, or irregular heartbeat. Blood testing ensures these critical minerals stay within optimal ranges — especially important during illness, intense exercise, or medication use.

Sodium
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Sodium is the key electrolyte controlling fluid balance and blood pressure. Testing detects hyponatremia (too dilute) or hypernatremia (dehydration) that can affect brain function.

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Calcium
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Calcium blood test evaluates levels essential for bones, muscles, nerves, and heart function. Detect parathyroid disorders, Vitamin D deficiency, and causes of muscle cramps or fatigue.

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Potassium
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Potassium is a critical electrolyte for heart rhythm and muscle function. Testing detects dangerous imbalances that can affect your heart, especially in kidney disease or when taking certain medications.

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Magnesium

Evaluates magnesium status essential for muscle function, heart rhythm, energy production, blood pressure, and blood sugar control. Helps detect common deficiency causing cramps, fatigue, arrhythmias, and poor sleep.

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Ionized Calcium

Total calcium tells only part of the story. Ionized calcium measures what your muscles, nerves, and heart actually use — making it the definitive test when accuracy matters most.

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Phosphate

Phosphate is essential for bones and energy production. Testing helps evaluate kidney disease, parathyroid disorders, and bone health, especially when interpreted alongside calcium and PTH.

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Chloride
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Chloride is a major electrolyte that maintains fluid balance and acid-base status. Testing helps evaluate hydration, kidney function, and diagnose metabolic disorders through the anion gap.

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Carbon Dioxide (CO2) (Bicarbonate)
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CO2/bicarbonate measures blood’s buffering capacity and acid-base balance. Low levels indicate metabolic acidosis (DKA, kidney disease); high levels suggest metabolic alkalosis or compensation for chronic lung disease.

Learn more about Carbon Dioxide (CO2) (Bicarbonate)

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